Use single-letter amino acid codes (A, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, Y). Spaces and line breaks are ignored.

Amino Acid Single-Letter Reference

Standard IUPAC single-letter codes for the 20 standard amino acids and their average molecular weights.

CodeAmino AcidAvg MW (Da)
A Alanine 89.09
R Arginine 174.2
N Asparagine 132.12
D Aspartic acid 133.1
C Cysteine 121.16
E Glutamic acid 147.13
Q Glutamine 146.15
G Glycine 75.03
H Histidine 155.16
I Isoleucine 131.17
L Leucine 131.17
K Lysine 146.19
M Methionine 149.21
F Phenylalanine 165.19
P Proline 115.13
S Serine 105.09
T Threonine 119.12
W Tryptophan 204.23
Y Tyrosine 181.19
V Valine 117.15

Frequently Asked Questions

Molecular weight (MW) of a peptide is the sum of atomic masses of all atoms in the molecule, expressed in Daltons (Da) or kilodaltons (kDa). It is calculated from the amino acid residue masses minus water for each peptide bond.
Sum the average residue masses of each amino acid, subtract 18.02 Da per peptide bond (n-1 bonds for n residues), then add 18.02 Da for the terminal water. Our calculator handles all of this automatically.
Net charge is the sum of all ionizable group charges at a given pH. At pH 7.4, basic residues (K, R, H) contribute positive charge and acidic residues (D, E, C, Y) contribute negative charge.
kDa refers to molecular weight, not charge. A "negatively charged" peptide means it has more acidic residues than basic ones at the pH being measured. This is independent of molecular size.
kDa = kilodalton = 1000 Daltons. BPC-157 is approximately 1.42 kDa. Most research peptides are 0.5–5 kDa. Larger proteins are typically described in kDa for convenience.